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Map matching : ウィキペディア英語版 | Map matching
Map matching is a technique in GIS that associates a sorted list of user or vehicle positions to the road network on a digital map. The main purposes are to track vehicles, analyze traffic flow and finding the start point of the driving directions. Map matching algorithms can be divided in on-line and off-line algorithms. On-line algorithms associate the position during the recording process to the road network. Off-line algorithms are used after the data are recorded and are then matched to the road network. Real time applications can only rely on so far recorded points. This brings a compromise of performance over accuracy. On the other hand, off-line applications can consider all points and allow for slower performances in favour of accuracy. == Example == In real world drivers often use some GPS tracking device. The precision of those devices is very different, additionally there will be sampling errors caused by the sampling rate of the device. There are several cases like on a bridge, on a motorway with different directions or on a simple crossing where a higher precision would be required to identify the correct (digital) road. To work around this limitation and improve the probability of determination of the correct road some algorithm needs to be implemented which bases its heuristic on previous points, records the speed and "guesses" which of the (digital) roads is more likely to be the selected. There are other examples. This is still a subject to research.
抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア(Wikipedia)』 ■ウィキペディアで「Map matching」の詳細全文を読む
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